COP30: Brazil Unveils Draft Text to Boost Climate Talks, Tackling Key Issues

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Brazil has proposed a draft text for COP30, aiming to accelerate climate negotiations by addressing four contentious issues. The 'Global Mutirao' draft covers implementation of Article 9.1, which requires rich nations to fund climate action in developing countries. It also promotes international cooperation, addresses trade-restrictive measures, and reports on climate change efforts. India has proposed a three-year work program to develop a common climate finance reporting method, improved budgeting, and fair burden-sharing among developed countries. However, developed nations are pushing for developing countries to accelerate mitigation efforts. The draft includes options for launching a work program focused on developing countries' needs and convening an annual high-level ministerial roundtable. The 'No text' option is also on the table. India's environment minister, Bhupender Yadav, emphasized the need for developed countries to reach net zero earlier and fulfill their obligations under Article 9.1. The draft notes that the $100 billion promised for 2020 has not been met, with only $60 billion received by developing countries over two years. The draft also addresses unilateral trade measures and the loss of the Paris Agreement's 1.5°C goal, proposing the 'Belem Roadmap to 1.5' to address the ambition and implementation gap of nationally determined contributions. Key options include launching a 'Global Implementation Accelerator' and establishing an annual consideration of the NDCs synthesis report and the BTR synthesis report. The draft also includes documents on a global goal on adaptation, the UAE Just Transition Work Programme, and others.